{"id":131,"date":"2026-03-17T20:19:50","date_gmt":"2026-03-17T20:19:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/advancedemolink.com\/volar\/?page_id=131"},"modified":"2026-03-17T20:25:37","modified_gmt":"2026-03-17T20:25:37","slug":"general","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/advancedemolink.com\/volar\/general\/","title":{"rendered":"General"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;80&#8243; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_padding=&#8221;80&#8243; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; id=&#8221;certification-inner-row&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; gradient_type=&#8221;default&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; column_position=&#8221;default&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text css_animation=&#8221;fadeInUp&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221; text_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; el_class=&#8221;w-sec certification-sec&#8221;]\n<h2>Aircraft drawings<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Drawings, prints, and graphs.<\/li>\n<li>Inspections.<\/li>\n<li>Repairs and alterations.<\/li>\n<li>Terms used in aircraft drawings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Aircraft Hardware and Processes<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Materials commonly used in aircraft.<\/li>\n<li>Heat treatment and metal working processes.<\/li>\n<li>Forces placed on aircraft materials.<\/li>\n<li>Hardware commonly used in aircraft.<\/li>\n<li>Safety wire and safety clip requirements and techniques.<\/li>\n<li>Precision measurement tools, principles, and procedures.<\/li>\n<li>Torquing tools, principles, and procedures.<\/li>\n<li>Suitability and compatibility of materials and hardware used for maintenance.<\/li>\n<li>Identification markings on materials and hardware.<\/li>\n<li>Characteristics of acceptable welds.<\/li>\n<li>Characteristics of unacceptable welds.<\/li>\n<li>Procedures for weld repairs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Corrosion<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Aircraft cleaning .<\/li>\n<li>Corrosion theory .<\/li>\n<li>Types and effects of corrosion.<\/li>\n<li>Corrosion-prone areas .<\/li>\n<li>Corrosion preventive maintenance .<\/li>\n<li>Corrosion id and inspection.<\/li>\n<li>Corrosion removal and treatment .<\/li>\n<li>Corrosion preventive compounds .<\/li>\n<li>Selection of optimal CPC and frequency of treatment.<\/li>\n<li>Improper use of cleaners.<\/li>\n<li>Dissimilar metals causing accelerated corrosion.<\/li>\n<li>Materials used for protection of airframe structures.<\/li>\n<li>Primer materials.<\/li>\n<li>Topcoat materials.<\/li>\n<li>Surface preparation.<\/li>\n<li>Effects of ambient conditions .<\/li>\n<li>Effects of improper surface preparation.<\/li>\n<li>Regulatory requirements for replacing identification.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Electricity<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Magnetism .<\/li>\n<li>Capacitance .<\/li>\n<li>Inductance .<\/li>\n<li>(AC) electrical circuits .<\/li>\n<li>Electron theory .<\/li>\n<li>Kirchhoff&#8217;s Law .<\/li>\n<li>Electrical measurement tools .<\/li>\n<li>Voltage.<\/li>\n<li>Resistance.<\/li>\n<li>Current.<\/li>\n<li>Total resistance .<\/li>\n<li>Power .<\/li>\n<li>Series circuits .<\/li>\n<li>Parallel circuits.<\/li>\n<li>Aircraft batteries.<\/li>\n<li>Transformers.<\/li>\n<li>Control devices.<\/li>\n<li>Semiconductors.<\/li>\n<li>Digital logic.<\/li>\n<li>Electrostatic discharge.<\/li>\n<li>Electrical circuit drawings.<\/li>\n<li>Complex\/combined circuits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Fluid Lines and Fittings<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Tubing and hose materials.<\/li>\n<li>Rigid line or flexible hose identification.<\/li>\n<li>Rigid line fabrication, installation, and inspection .<\/li>\n<li>Flexible hose fabrication, installation, and inspection.<\/li>\n<li>Importance of using a torque wrench.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ground Operations and Servicing<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Aircraft towing procedures.<\/li>\n<li>Aircraft securing procedures.<\/li>\n<li>Airport operation .<\/li>\n<li>Engine starting, ground operation.<\/li>\n<li>Types of fire extinguishers .<\/li>\n<li>Avgas gas and turbine fuel .<\/li>\n<li>Fuel additives .<\/li>\n<li>Approved fuel grades and types .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Human Factors<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Safety culture .<\/li>\n<li>Human error principles.<\/li>\n<li>Types of human errors .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Inspection Concepts and Techniques<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Measuring tools .<\/li>\n<li>Calibration and tool accuracy .<\/li>\n<li>Nondestructive Testing (NDT) .<\/li>\n<li>Aircraft inspection programs .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Math<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Areas of geometrical shapes .<\/li>\n<li>Volumes of geometrical shapes .<\/li>\n<li>Ratio problems .<\/li>\n<li>Proportion and percentage problems .<\/li>\n<li>Algebraic operations .<\/li>\n<li>Scientific notation .<\/li>\n<li>Rounding numbers .<\/li>\n<li>Powers .<\/li>\n<li>Measurement systems .<\/li>\n<li>Use of positive and negative integers .<\/li>\n<li>Basic math functions (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division). .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Physics<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Work, power, force, and motion.<\/li>\n<li>Heat and pressure .<\/li>\n<li>Bernoulli\u2019s Principle .<\/li>\n<li>Newton\u2019s Law of Motion .<\/li>\n<li>Gas law and fluid mechanics .<\/li>\n<li>Primary and secondary aircraft flight controls .<\/li>\n<li>Standard atmosphere .<\/li>\n<li>Additional aerodynamic devices .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Regulations and Records<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Privileges and limitations .<\/li>\n<li>Maintenance record entry after maintenance and alterations .<\/li>\n<li>The purpose and use of FAA forms .<\/li>\n<li>Maintenance terminology .<\/li>\n<li>Criteria and responsibility for determining whether a repair or alteration .<\/li>\n<li>The regulatory framework .<\/li>\n<li>Agency publications and guidance materials .<\/li>\n<li>FAA databases and resources available .<\/li>\n<li>Manufacturer-specified methods, techniques, and practices.<\/li>\n<li>Manufacturer-specified maintenance and inspection intervals.<\/li>\n<li>FAA-approved maintenance data .<\/li>\n<li>Difference between approved data and acceptable data .<\/li>\n<li>FAA-approved airworthiness limitations.<\/li>\n<li>Alert, caution, and warning indications .<\/li>\n<li>Discrepancy records or placards .<\/li>\n<li>Mechanic address change notification .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Weight and Balance<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Weight and balance terminology.<\/li>\n<li>Purpose for weighing an aircraft .<\/li>\n<li>Weighing procedures .<\/li>\n<li>Procedures for calculation of arm, center of gravity (CG), or moment .<\/li>\n<li>Purpose and application of weight and CG limit .<\/li>\n<li>Purpose of determining CG .<\/li>\n<li>Adverse loading considerations .<\/li>\n<li>Determine proper empty weight configuration .<\/li>\n<li>Proper ballast placement .<\/li>\n<li>Jacking an aircraft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;80&#8243; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_padding=&#8221;80&#8243; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; id=&#8221;certification-inner-row&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; 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